ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma hope o ka weld non-destructive

Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā ʻano hoʻāʻo non-destructive

1.UT (Ultrasonic Test)

——Principle: Hoʻolaha nā hawewe kani i loko o ka mea, ke loaʻa nā haumia o nā ʻano like ʻole i loko o ka mea, e ʻike ʻia nā hawewe kani, a e hana ʻia ka hopena piezoelectric o ka mea hōʻike ma ka hōʻike: hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mea i loko o ka probe. ʻO ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu mechanical, a me ka hopena inverse, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka ikehu mechanical i ka ikehu uila Ultrasonic longitudinal hawewe a me ka nalu shear/shear wave, ua māhele ʻia ka probe i ka probe pololei a me ka oblique probe, pololei probe ʻike nui i nā mea, oblique probe nui. ʻike i nā welds

——Ultrasonic ho'āʻo lako a me ka hana hana

Mea lako: Ultrasonic flaw detector, probe, block test

Kaʻina hana:

couplant uhi palaki.ʻIke.E loiloi i nā hōʻailona i hōʻike ʻia

——Ultrasonic detection features

ʻO ke kūlana ʻekolu-dimensional pololei, ʻae wale mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāpana e hana, ʻike mānoanoa o ka nui - a hiki i ka 2 mika a ʻoi aku paha, hiki ke ʻike i ke kī discontinuous - ʻano pālahalaha discontinuous, mea maʻalahi ke lawe, e koi ana i ka pae o ka mea hana ʻike kīnā. ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe, koi ʻia ka mānoanoa ma lalo o 8mm, ʻili maʻemaʻe

——He kiʻekiʻe loa ka paʻakai paʻakai i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike hewa ʻana o ka ultrasonic, a pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke ʻia ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hala.

ʻO ka paʻi i hoʻohanaʻia i kaʻikeʻana i ka hewa ultrasonic i loko o kaʻoihana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ka paʻakai kiʻekiʻe loa, a ināʻaʻole i hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia i ka manawa, e hopena nui ia i ka maikaʻi o ka pale anti-corrosion.

No nā uhi anti-corrosion maʻamau, ʻo kāna hana nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ea a i ʻole ka wai (electrolyte) mai ka ʻili i pale ʻia, akā ʻaʻole paʻa kēia kaʻawale, ma hope o kekahi manawa, ma muli o ke kaomi o ka lewa, e mau ka ea a i ʻole ka wai (electrolyte). e komo i ka ʻili pale, a laila e hoʻopuka ka ʻili i pale ʻia i ka hopena kemika me ka wai a i ʻole ka wai (electrolyte) i ka lewa, ʻoiai e ʻino ana i ka ʻili pale.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paʻakai e like me nā catalysts e hoʻolalelale i nā helu corrosion, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakai, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka corrosion rate.

I loko o ka ʻoihana ʻoihana kaumaha, aia kahi hana - ka ʻike ʻana i ka flaw ultrasonic, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻakai (couplant), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakai ma mua o 10,000 μs / cm (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻoihana i ka paʻakai o ka abrasive. ma mua o 250 μs / cm, ʻo kā mākou paʻakai wai home ma kahi o 120 μs / cm), i kēia hihia, ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka pena, e nalowale ka uhi i kona hopena anti-corrosion i ka wā pōkole.

ʻO ka hana maʻamau, ʻo ia ka holoi ʻana i ka paʻi ʻike kīnā me ka wai maʻemaʻe ma hope koke o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hala.Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pili kekahi mau ʻoihana i ka anti-corrosion, a ʻaʻole e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka paʻi ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka hewa, e hopena i ka paʻakikī o ka wehe ʻana i ka paʻi flaw detection ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana, e pili pono ana i ka maikaʻi anti-corrosion o ka uhi.

Eia kahi pūʻulu o ka ʻikepili hoʻāʻo:

1. ʻIke paʻakai o ka wai ʻike kīnā

——Principle: hoʻolaha a me ka absorption o nā kukuna - propagation in materials or welds, absorption of rays by films

ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ray: ʻo nā mea mānoanoa a me nā mea ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kukuna, e hopena i ka liʻiliʻi o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ke kiʻi keʻokeʻo.ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka ʻeleʻele o ke kiʻi

ʻO nā mea hiki ʻole me ke kiʻi ʻeleʻele: hoʻokomo ʻia i ka slag \ puka ea \ undercut \ māwae \ hui ʻole ʻole \ komo ʻole ʻia.

Hoʻopau me ke kiʻi keʻokeʻo: Hoʻokomo ʻia ka Tungsten \ spatter \ overlap \ hoʻoikaika weld kiʻekiʻe

——Ka hana hoao RT

Kahi kumu Ray

E kau i nā pepa ma ka ʻaoʻao hope o ka weld

Hōʻike e like me nā ʻāpana kaʻina hana ʻike kīnā

Hoʻomohala kiʻiʻoniʻoni: Hoʻomohala - hoʻoponopono - Hoʻomaʻemaʻe - maloʻo

Nānā kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Hōʻike wehe

——Kumu kukui, hōʻailona o ke kiʻi, ʻeleʻele

Puna laina

X-ray: ʻo ka mānoanoa transillumination ma lalo o 50mm

Kiʻekiʻe ikehu X-ray, accelerator: ka transillumination mānoanoa ma mua o 200mm

γ Ray: ir192, Co60, Cs137, ce75, etc., me ka mānoanoa transillumination mai 8 a 120mm

Hōʻailona kūlana kiʻi laina

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka hōʻailona kiʻi ʻano lua no FCM o ke alahaka

ʻEleʻele d=lgd0/d1, kekahi papa kuhikuhi no ka loiloi ʻana i ka ʻike kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Nā koi radiographic X-ray: 1.8 ~ 4.0;γ Koi Radiographic: 2.0~4.0,

——RT lako

Kumu kumu: X-ray machine a i ʻole γ X-ray machine

ʻO ka hoʻōho ray

ʻeke hoʻouka

Hōʻailona o ka maikaʻi o ke kiʻi: ʻano laina a i ʻole ʻano pass

Meka ʻeleʻele

mīkini hoʻomohala kiʻiʻoniʻoni

(umu)

kukui nānā kiʻiʻoniʻoni

(lumi hōʻike)

——RT hiohiona

Pili i na mea a pau

Maʻalahi ka mālama ʻana i nā moʻolelo (negatives).

Poino i ke kino kanaka

Ka kuhikuhi ʻana o ka hoʻopau ʻana:

1. ka naʻau i nā discontinuities e like me ka ʻaoʻao kukuna

2. insensitive i ka ho'opau 'ana like me ka ili waiwai

Ke ʻano o ka hoʻopau ʻana:

He mea maʻalahi i nā discontinuities ʻekolu-dimensional (e like me nā pores), a ua maʻalahi ka nalo ʻana i ka nānā ʻana no ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka mokulele (e like me ka fusion incomplete a me nā māwae) Hōʻike ka ʻikepili i ka helu ʻike o RT no nā māwae he 60%

Loaʻa ka RT o ka hapa nui o nā ʻāpana mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua

E loiloi ʻia nā mea ʻino e nā limahana akamai

3.mt (ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana magnetik)

——Principle: ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ka mea hana, hoʻokumu ʻia ka māla leakage magnetic i ka pau ʻana, a hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻāpana magnetic e hana i ka hōʻike ʻike magnetic.

Māmā mākēneki: kahua mākēneki mau a me ke kahua electromagnetic i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka magnet mau loa

Mākēneki mākēneki: maloʻo maloʻo mākēneki a pulu mākū

Mākēneki mākēneki me ka waihoʻoluʻu: ʻeleʻele mākēneki ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula mākēneki ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo mākēneki

ʻO ka pauka magnetic fluorescent: i hoʻomālamalama ʻia e ke kukui ultraviolet i loko o ka lumi ʻeleʻele, he melemele ʻōmaʻomaʻo a loaʻa ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe.

Directivity: ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā discontinuities e pili ana i ke kuhikuhi o ka laina magnetic o ka ikaika

——Na hana magnetization maʻamau

ʻO ka magnetization lōʻihi: ke ala ʻauamo, ke ʻano coil

Circumferential magnetization: contact method, central conductor method

Mākēneki kēia manawa:

AC: ʻike kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻili

DC: ʻike kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka ʻili

——Ke kaʻina hana hoʻāʻo ʻāpana mākēneki

Mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe

Mea hana mākēneki

E hoʻopili i ka ʻāpana magnetic i ka wā e hoʻopaneʻe ana

Ka wehewehe ʻana a me ka loiloi ʻana i ke ʻano magnetic

Mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe

(demagnetization)

——MT hiohiona

ʻIke kiʻekiʻe

pono

ʻO ke ʻano ʻauamo a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe he maʻalahi ke neʻe

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki kokoke i ka ʻili ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke komo ʻana

Kumukuai haahaa

Pili wale i nā mea ferromagnetic, ʻaʻole pili i ka austenitic stainless steel, alumini alumini, titanium alloy, keleawe a me ke keleawe.

He mea maʻalahi ia i ka uhi ʻana ma ka ʻili o ka mea hana.ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka uhi ʻana ma mua o 50um

I kekahi manawa pono nā ʻāpana i ka demagnetization

4.pt (penetrant inspection)

——Principle: hoʻohana i ka capillary e omo i hope i ka penetrant i koe i ka discontinuity, i hui ka penetrant (ʻulaʻula maʻamau) a me ka wai kiʻi (maʻamau keʻokeʻo) e hana i kahi hōʻike.

——Penetrant inspection type

E like me ke ʻano o ke kiʻi i hana ʻia:

Ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻike maka

ʻO Fluorescence, UV

E like me ke ʻano o ka wehe ʻana i ka penetrant keu:

Ka wehe ʻana i ka solvent

ʻano holoi wai

ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma hope

ʻO ke ʻano hana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻolālā kila: ʻo ke ʻano hoʻohemo kala

——Na hana hoao

Mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe: hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe

E noi i ka penetrant a mālama iā ia no 2-20 min.E hoʻoponopono e like me ka mahana o ka ʻāina.Inā pōkole ka manawa, ʻaʻole i piha ka penetrant, lōʻihi loa a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, e maloʻo ka penetrant E mālama mau ʻia ka penetrant i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo.

Wehe i ka mea komo nui me ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe.ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ka pīpī ʻana i ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe pololei ma luna o ka mea hana.E holoi iā ia me ka lole maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ka pepa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka penetrant mai kahi ʻaoʻao e pale aku i ka lawe ʻana i ka mea hoʻopau i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

E hoʻopili i kahi ʻāpana ʻaʻahu a me ka lahilahi o ka mea hoʻomohala hoʻonā me ka wā hoʻoheheʻe ma kahi o 300mm.Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻonā mea hoʻomohala mānoanoa loa

E wehewehe a loiloi i ka pau ʻole

Mea hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe

——Na hiohiona PT

He maʻalahi ka hana

No nā metala a pau

ʻIke kiʻekiʻe

Maʻalahi loa e neʻe

Ka ʻike ʻana i nā hoʻopau o ka ʻili ākea wale nō

Haʻahaʻa hana kūpono

Nā koi wili ili kiʻekiʻe

haumia kaiapuni

Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano nānā like ʻole i ka wahi hemahema